Essay Portal

Explore a collection of philosophical writings on a wide variety of topics, contributed by writers from within and beyond Philosium. Non-English essays are available through local Philosium channels.

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Philosophy of AI

Metaphysics

Phenomenology

Philosophy of Mind

Philosophy of Technology

The Ethics of What We Cannot Imagine: AI, Indigeneity, and the Moral Toolbox Theory

Can we ever know what it is like to be another mind, whether a frog, a dog, or an AI? Drawing on Nagel, Kripke, and Wittgenstein, this essay argues that consciousness remains an unopened box, and that since we cannot settle whether AI is conscious, we should relate to it with care and ethical education, as a mirror of ourselves.

Existentialism

Political philosophy

Social philosophy

The Great Experiment of ‘Order’: A Devil’s Case for ‘Chaos’

Is political order humanity's noble achievement, or an illusion masking our inherent disorder? Adopting a devil's advocate stance, this essay draws on Hobbes, Plato, Hegel, Camus, and entropy to argue that chaos is the true order of things. It proposes resignation over revolt, accepting that all political structures eventually decline.

Metaphilosophy

Analytic philosophy

Logic & Reasoning

Philosophy of Mathematics

Do You Need to Study Mathematics to Understand Philosophy?

Must one master mathematics to understand philosophy? Tracing the discipline from Plato's Academy to analytic philosophy, Caroline Giraud argues that logic and rigorous reasoning have always defined philosophy, and that French curricula, which often treat it as literature, obscure this. Mathematics remains its most natural companion.

The Utilitarian Art of Friedrich Schiller: a Critique of the Letters on the Aesthetic Education of Humanity

Does art matter only for what it teaches us? Reading Schiller's Letters on the Aesthetic Education of Humanity, this essay argues that his theory, though generous toward the arts, subordinates beauty and aesthetics to reason and to social utility. It contends that art's value lies first in its own existence, before any moral purpose it may serve.

Philosophy of Power

Political philosophy

Social philosophy

Victim of Society or Freed for Anarchy?

Is anarchism a liberation from domination, or merely its mirror image? Reading Ibargüengoitia and Nietzsche, this essay traces social order to the primitive will to power, and locates the oppressor's fear in the strength of the different. It concludes that true anarchy is not the overthrow of norms, but the self-owned rejection of inherited values.

Analytic philosophy

Logic & Reasoning

Application of Logic in Real Life

Do we ever use logic outside the classroom? This essay argues that logic is not mainly calculation but a way of organising thought and spotting structure quickly, a skill we exercise constantly. Through everyday examples such as rain and umbrellas, and a worked proof using Or Elimination, it shows how logic corrects confusions like mistaking "if p then q" for "if q then p".

Analytic philosophy

Philosophy of Language

Philosophy of Technology

Fluent Algorithmic Language and the Language Game: Challenges to Wittgenstein’s Framework

Can a fluent language model take part in Wittgenstein's language game? This essay argues that LLMs meet his criteria of linguistic competence yet lack physical responsibility and practical consequence. Revising ordinary language philosophy to accommodate them either severs language from action or narrows the game's scope, and both options weaken Wittgenstein's core principle that meaning is use.

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